The Creed of Imam Ahmad and His Early Followers

February 3, 2010

The creed of Imam Ahmad is what’s transmitted, preserved and published in the following literature.

Ibn Hanbal, Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Shaybani (d.241)

‘Aqidah, in Tabaqat al-Hanabilah p.24ff (edition of Muhammad H. al-Fiqi, Cairo 1952 in two volumes)
‘Aqidah, idem. p.130ff
‘Aqidah, idem. p.241ff
‘Aqidah, idem. p.311ff
‘Aqidah, idem. p.329ff
‘Aqidah, idem. p.341ff
Al-Radd ‘ala’l-Zanadiqa wa’l-Jahmiyyah, ed. Muhammad Fihr Shaqafa, Hama 1368/1967.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=12&book=1133
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=825
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=569
see: http://www.siratemustaqeem.com/phpBB…pic.php?t=3040

‘Aqidah, transmitted by al-Khallal, see Tabaqat al-Hanabilah ed. Fiqi, added at the end on p.292-308.

al-Risalah, send to Musaddad b. Musarhad, in Manaqib al-Imam Ahmad by Ibn al-Jawziy, see above links and: http://www.al-eman.com/Islamlib/view…=252&CID=97#s3

Abu ‘Ubayd, al-Qasim b. Sallam al-Harawi (d.224/838) [Hanbali-type]

Kitab al-Iman wa-Ma’alimih wa-Sunanihi wa’s-stikmalihi wa-darajatih, ed. Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani, Damascus 1965.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1072

Ibn Abi Shaybah, Abu Bakr Abdallah b. Muhammad b. Abi Shaybah (d. 225) [Hanbali-type]

Kitab al-Iman, ed. Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani, Damascus 1965.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1073

Ahmad b. Nasr al-Khuza’i (d.231) [Hanbali]

al-I’tisam bi’l-Kitab wa’l-Sunnah

al-’Adani, Abu Abdallah Muhammad b. Yahya b. Abi ‘Umar (d.243) [Hanbali-type]

al-Iman, ed. Hamad b. Hamdi al-Harbi, Kuwayt.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1891

Al-Bukhari, Muhammad b. Isma’il al-Ju’fi [Hanbali-type]

Khalq Af’al al-‘Ibad wa’l-Radd ‘ala’l-Jahmiyyah wa-Ashab al-Ta’til, published by Mu’assat al-Risalah, Beirut 1404/1984; also published in Hayderabad and Alexandria.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=301

Abu Hatim al-Razi & Abu Zur’ah al-Razi (d.277 and 264) [Hanbali]

Asl al-’Itiqad, ed. independantly but also within the Sharh Usul al-I’tiqad by al-Lalika’i

see: http://yahoo.groups.com/group/radd_ashariyyah or http://www.siratemustaqeem.com/phpBB/viewforum.php?f=16

Abu Dawud al-Sidjistani, Sulayman b. al-Ash’ath (d.275) [Hanbali]

Kitab al-Sunan, which contains: Kitab al-Sunnah, Radd ‘ala’l-Jahmiyyah etc.; published continually, for example by: Dar al-Da’wa, India 1401.
Masa’il Abu Dawud, a collection of questions/answers to Ahmad b. Hanbal by this close disciple of his, ed.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=8&book=61

Harb al-Kirmani [Hanbali]

Masa’il Harb al-Kirmani, a collection of questions/answers to Ahmad b. Hanbal by another close disciple of the Imam, ed.

Ishaq b. Ibrahim al-Kawsaj [Hanbali]

Masa’il Ahmad b. Hanbal wa-Ishaq b. Rahawayh, a collection alike by another disciple, ed.

Al-Darimi, ‘Uthman b. Sa’id (d.282) [Hanbali-type]

Radd al-Imam al-Darimi ‘Uthman b. Sa’id ‘ala Bishr al-Marisi al-‘Anid, ed. Muhammad Hamid al-Fiqi, Cairo 1358 H; also published in 1971 in Alexandria.
Al-Radd ‘ala’l-Jahmiyyah, ed. Gösta Vitestam, Lund/Leiden 1960; edited also by Zuhayr al-Shawish and publsihed by al-Maktaba al-Islami, Beirut 1402.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1460

Ibrahim al-Harbi, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim b. Ishaq b. Ibrahim (d.285) [Hanbali]

Risalah fi anna al-Qur’an ghayr Makhluq, ed.
Risalat Ahmad b. Hanbal ila al-Mutawakkil fi Mas’alah Khalq al-Qur’an, ed.

see: http://www.alashrafia.com/risala_quran.pdf

Abu Bakr al-Marwazi, Ahmad b. ‘Ali b. Sa’id (d.292) [Hanbali]

al-Sunnah, ed.

Abdallah b. Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Hanbal [Hanbali]

Kitab al-Sunnah, published by al-Matba’a al-Salafiyyah, Makkah 1349.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1430

Ibn Abi Shaybah, Muhammad b. ‘Uthman b. Muhammad b. Abi Shaybah (d.297) [Hanbali-type]

Kitab al-’Arsh, ed.

see: http://www.alsunnah.com/BookTabweeb.aspx?RootID=256123

al-Nasa’i, Abu Abd al-Rahman Ahmad b. Shu’ayb (d.303) [Hanbali-type]

al-Sunan al-Kubra (which contains: Kitab al-Nu’uth al-Asma wa’l-Sifat, published also seperately); the Sunan has been published Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyyah in 1411, edited by Abd al-Ghaffar al-Bundari and Sayyid Kasrawi Hasan.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=8&book=1850

Al-Tabari, Abu Ja’far Muhammad b. Jarir b. Yazid (d.310/923) [Hanbali-type]

Al-I’tiqad, lithographe edition from beirut, 1311/1893 = Sarih al-Sunnah, Tripoli (Libanon) 1991 (also in al-Lalika’I, Sarh Usu al-I’tiqad).
al-Tabsira fi Ma’alim al-Din, ed. ‘Ali Abd al-’Aziz Shibl, Riyad.

see: http://www.siratemustaqeem.com/phpBB…pic.php?t=2981
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1045

Ibn Khuzaymah, Abu Bakr Muhammad b. Ishaq al-Sulami al-Naysaburi (d.311/924) [Hanbali-type]

Kitab al-Tawhid wa-Ithbat Sifat al-Rabb, ed. Abd al-Aziz Ibrahim al-Shawan, Riyad 1408/1988.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=299

al-Khallal, Abu Bakr Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Harun (d.311) [Hanbali]

Kitab al-Sunnah (part of al-Jami’, the greatest collection of Imam Ahmad’s Fatwa’s on Creed, Jurisprudence, Commentary, Tradition etc. ), ed. by D. ‘Atiyyah al-Zahrani and published by Dar al-Ra’ya for the first time in 1410.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1682

Abu Bakr b. Abi Dawud, Abdallah b. Sulayman b. al-Ash’ath al-Sijistani (d.316) [Hanbali]

al-Qasidah al-Ha’iyah fi’l-Sunnah, ed.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=390

Al-Ash’ari, Abu’l-Hasan ‘Ali b. Isma’il (d.324) [Hanbali]

Al-Ibana ‘an Usul al-Diyanah, ed. Fawqiyyah H. Mahmud, Cairo..
Maqalat al-Islamiyyin wa-Ikhtilaf al-Musallin, ed. H. Ritter, 2 volumes, Istanbul 1929-1933.

see: http://www.siratemustaqeem.com/phpBB…pic.php?t=2915

Al-Ajurri, Abu Bakr Muhammad b. al-Husayn (d.360) [Hanbali]

Al-Shari’ah, ed. Muhammad Hamid al-Fiqi, Beirut 1403/1983.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=296

Abu’l-Shaykh al-Isfahani, Abu Muhammad b. Abdallah b. Muhammad b. Ja’far b. Hayyan al-Ansari (d.369) [Hanbali]

al-’Azamah, ed. al-Mubarak Furi, Dar al-’Asimah, Riyad 1408.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1824

Abu Bakr al-Isma’ili, Ahmad b. Ibrahim b. Isma’il (d.371) [Hanbali-type]

I’tiqad A’immat al-Hadith, ed. Muhammad al-Khumayyis, Riyad 1412.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=530

al-Daraqutni, Abu’l-Hasan ‘Ali b. ‘Umar b. Ahmad b. Mahdi al-Baghdadi (d.385) [Hanbali-type]

Kitab al-Sifat, ed. Abdallah al-Ghunayman, Maktaba al-Dar’, Madinah 1402.
Kitab al-Nuzul
Kitab al-Ru’ya

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1823

Ibn Batta, Abu Abdallah ‘Ubaydallah b. Muhammad b. Hamdan al-‘Ukbari (d.387/997) [Hanbali]

Al-Ibana al-Kubra ‘an Shari’at al-Firaq al-najiya wa-Mujanabat al-Firaq al-Madmuma, ed. Rida Na’san Mu’ti, ‘Uthman Abdallah Adam al-Atyubi, Yusuf b. Abdallah b. Yusuf al-Wabil and al-Walid M. Nabih b. Sayf al-Nasr, Riyad 1408/1988-1418/1997.

Kitab Sarh wa’l-Ibana ‘ala Usul al-Sunnah wa’l-Diyana, ed. and translated by H. Laoust, as: La Profession de foi d’Ibn Batta, Damascus 1958; also edited by Dr. Rida Na’san and published in 1404 in Makka by Maktaba al-Faysaliyyah.

see: http://www.alsunnah.com/BookTabweeb.aspx?RootID=511816
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1015

Ibn Manda, Muhammad b. Ishaq b. Muhammad b. Yahya al-Isfahani (d.395) [Hanbali]

Al-Radd ‘ala’l-Jahmiyyah, ed. ‘Ali b. Muhammad Nasir al-Faqihi, Madinah 1982.
Kitab al-Tawhid, ed. Muhammad Hasan Muhammad Hasan Ism’ail al-Shafi’i, better known as: Muhammad Faris, published by Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyyah, Beirut 2001.

Kitab al-Iman, ed.

see: http://www.alsunnah.com/BookTabweeb.aspx?RootID=516433
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=956

Abu’l-Fadl ‘Abd al-Wahid b. Abd al-’Aziz b. al-Harith al-Tamimi (d.410) [Hanbali]

Kitab I’tiqad al-Imam Ahmad b. Hanbal, ed. Abu Mus’ab Tal’at b. Fuad al-Hulwani, Riyad 2002.

Al-Lalika’I, Abu’l-Qasim Hibat Allah b. al-Hasan b. Mansur al-Tabari al-Razi (d.418/1027) [Hanbali-type]

Sarh Usul al-I’tiqad Ahl al-Sunnah wa’l-Jama’ah, ed. Ali b. Sa’d b. Hamdan al-Ghamiri, Riyad 1418/1997.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1014

Abu ‘Uthman al-Sabuni, Ism’ail b. abd al-Rahman (d.449) [Hanbali-type]

‘Aqidat al-Salaf wa-Ashab al-Hadith, ed. Badr al-Badr.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1631

Abu Ya’la Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Farra’, al-Qadi (d.458/1066) [Hanbali]

Kitab al-Mu’tamad fi Usul al-Din, ed. Wadi’ Zaydan Haddad, Beirut 1974.
Ibtal al-Ta’wilat li-Akhbar al-Sifat, ed.
Kitab al-Riwayatayn wa’l-Wajhayn, ed. Sa’ud b. Abd al-’Aziz al-Khalaf, Madinah 1999/1419.
Masa’il al-Iman, ms and I believe also ed.

Abu ‘Ali b. al-Banna, al-Hasan b. Ahmad b. Abdallah b. al-Banna’ al-Baghdadi (d.471) [Hanbali]

al-Mukhtar fi al-Sunnah, ed.

Al-Ansari al-Harawi, Abu Isma’il Abdallah b. Muhammad b. ‘Ali (d.481) [Hanbali]

Damm al-Kalam wa-Ahlih, ed. Samih Dugaim, Beirut 1994.
Kitab al-Arba’in fi Dala’il al-Tawhid, ed. ‘Ali b. Muhammad b. Nasir al-Fuqayhi, Madinah 1404/1984.

Ibn ‘Aqil, Abu’l-Wafa ‘Ali b. ‘Aqil b. Muhammad (d.513) [Hanbali]

Rasa’il fi’l-Qur’an wa-Ithbat al-Harf wa’l-Sawt Raddan ‘ala al-Ash’ariyyah, ed. by G. Makdisi in Bulletin d’Etudes Orientale: work is also known as: al-Radd ‘ala’l-Asha’irah al-’Uzzal wa-Ithbat al-Harf wa’l-Sawt fi Kalam al-Kabir al-Muta’al.

Abu’l-Qasim al-Taymi, Isma’il b. Muhammad al-Isfahani (d.535) [Hanbali-type]

al-Hujjah fi Bayan al-Mahajjah wa-Sharh ‘Aidah Ahl al-Sunnah, ed.

Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani, Abu Muhammad Abd al-Qadir b. Musa al-Baghdadi al-Sufi (d.561) [Hanbali]

al-Ghunya fi Talibi Tariq al-Haqq, ed.

Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi, Taqi al-Din b. Abd al-Wahid (d.600) [Hanbali]

al-Iqtisad fi’l-I’tiqad, ed.

see: http://s3.invisionfree.com/sunnipres…p?showtopic=21

Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi, Muwaffaq al-Din Abu Muhammad (d.620) [Hanbali]

Kitab al-Burhan fi Bayan Haqiqat al-Qur’an, ms Manisa (Turkey) and Leiden (Netherlands), edited by H. Daiber in Israel Oriental Studies volume 14; also known as al-Burhan fi’l-Qur’an and al-Burhan fi Mas’alat al-Qur’an.
Tahrim al-Nazar fi Kutub Ahl al-Kalam, ed. George Makdisi, London 1962 (is also published as Radd ‘ala Ibn ‘Aqil)
Damm al-Ta’wil, ed. Badr al-Badr
Ithbat Sifat al-Rabb, ed. Badr al-Badr, published by Dar al-Salafiyyah, Kuwayt 1406.
Lum’at al-I’tiqad, ed. Badr al-Badr
‘Aqidah, ms
Munazarah ma’a ba’d al-Ash’ari, ms

see: http://www.siratemustaqeem.com/phpBB…pic.php?t=3023
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1288
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1897

Diya’ al-Din al-Maqdisi, Muhammad b. Abd al-Wahid b. Ahmad al-Jamma’ili (d.682) [Hanbali]

Ikhtisas al-Qur’an bi-’Audihi ila’l-Rahim al-Rahman, ms Chester Beatty Library

Ibn Taymiyyah, Taqi al-Din Ahmad b. Abd al-Halim (d.728) [Hanbali]

Minhaj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah fi Naqd al-Kalam al-Shi’ah wa’l-Qadariyah, ed. Muhammad Rashad Salim, 9 volumes, Cairo 1986-1989.
Muwafaqat Sahih al-Manqul li-Sarih al-Ma’qul, ed. Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamid and Muhammad Hamid al-Fiqi, two volumes, Cairo 1369/1950-1370/1951.
‘Aqidat al-Hamawiyyah, ed. Muhammad Abd al-Razzaq Hamza.

Al-Dhahabi, Shams al-Din Muhammad b. Ahmad (d.748) [Hanbali-type]

al-Arba’in fi Usul al-Din, ed. Abd al-Qadir al-Sufi, Madinah 1413.
Al-‘Uluww li’l-‘Ali al-Ghaffar fi Sahih al-Akhbar wa-Saqimiha, ed. Abd al-Rahman Muhammad ‘Uthman, Cairo 1388/1968.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open….t=10&book=1896

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah (d.753) [Hanbali]

Ijtima’ al-Juyush al-Islamiya ‘ala Ghazw al-Mu’attilah wa’l-Jahmiyyah, ed. Zakariya ‘Ali Yusuf, Cairo n.d.; also published by Dar al-Kutub al-’Arabi, Beirut 1408.
Qasida al-Nuniyyah, ed.
Mukhtasar Sawa’iq al-Mursala, ed.

see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=26&book=719

Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, Zayn al-Din Abu’l-Faraj Abd al-Rahman b. Ahmad (d.795) [Hanbali]

Fadl ‘Ilm al-Salaf ‘ala ‘Ilm al-Khalaf, ed.
Fath al-Bari = Sarh al-Bukhari, ed.
al-Tawhid, ed.

see: http://www.saaid.net/book/open.php?cat=3&book=673
see: http://www.almeshkat.net/books/open.php?cat=10&book=806

For a valuable list of literature on creeds in chronological order with publishing details for some, see: http://sunnipress.com/txt/aqida.htm

Posted in Advaned Topics in Asmaa wa Sifaat